Apparatus for casting tubular ingots



2 Sheets-Sheet I;

(No Model.)

J. B. DA. BOULTo-N. APPARATUS POR CASTING TUBULAR INGOTS.

No. 442,3059p 2v Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Modell.) Y

J. B. DA. BOULTON. APPARATUS POR CASTING TUBULARINGOTS. No. 442,305.

Patented Deo. 9, 1890.

I@ .f jay. 7i my.

NITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES` l. DARCY BOULTON, OE JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR l`O THE SOLID IN GOT COMPANY, OF NElV J ERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR CASTING TUBULAR INGOTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 442,305, dated December 9, 1890.

Application led April l0, 1889. Serial No. 306,708. (No model.)

To all when?, 1215 12m/ zj concern;

Be it known that I, JAMES B. DARCY BOULTON, a subject ot the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Jersey City, Hudson county,

New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Casting Tubular Ingots, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of to the same.

The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for forming tubular sectional ingots; and the invention consists in the combination, with a series of bottomless moldsections and a holder adapted to sustain the l same in line with one another during the casting operation, of a series of core-sections sustained within the mold-sections and provided at their ends with studs for centering them upon one another.

It also consists in various details of such constructions.

In the annexed drawings, Figure lisa side elevation of a casting-machine, the same as that shown in my patent No. 305,902. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same on line a; in Eig. l with a crucible discharging its contents into the upper mold-section. is a plan ofthe same with part of the supporting-beams. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of two moldsections with the core-sections therein. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of two core-sections of alternative construction. Fig. G is a plan of the same. Eig. 7 is a side view of two metalliccoresections with adiagonaljoint. Fig. 8 is a transverse section of the same on line y y in Fig. 7, and Eig. 9 a sectional view of one mold.

The apparatus shown herein, like that in my patent, No. 365,902, is provided with a spring-holder to sustain the mold-sections in line with one another during the casting 0peration and by friction upon the sides of the mold to support their weight until moved downward by reciprocating mechanism. My

present invention, however, is independent of any particular form of holder, and the molds may therefore be sustained by any suitable means within the holder and be moved downward by gravity or by other means than that shown herein. The holder is formed of two Ivbeams A A ,pressed toward one another by gibs m, held together by tie-bolts m', and provided with springs B. The bottom ot the holder is attached by brackets s to a hydraulic cylinderfg, containing' a reciprocating plunger f carrying a pocket e, having a spring-presser e at one side. The holder is shown suspended from two beams X and a hydraulic cylinder I is sustained at each side of the holder by 6o such beams and by bars J to actuate a head 7L, which is fitted to embrace the upper end of the holder and reciprocated by piston-rods t', moved by the pistons within the cylinders. The mold-sections b are shown with notches 6 5 k in their opposite sides near the upper end, and pawls g are pivoted in the head and pressed by weights g toward the sides of the mold when inserted within the holder to engage the notches 7o. Keys A are inserted 7o through the cylinder f2 at the bottom of the holder to form an abutment at the joint of the molds.

In operating such machine the mold-sections are inserted in succession at the upper end of the holder and forced downward therein by elevating the head 7i until the pawls g engage the notches 7n in the sides of the mold, and then moving the head downward. The holder A A is provided with slots at its So upper end, into which the pawls may enter when the head is moved downward, as shown in Fig. l, and the reversal of the upward movement of the head therefore operates to move the mold downward into the position shown in Fig. 2, with its upper end a little below the top of the holder. The first mold inserted would be provided with a bottom and with provision for centering the first core-section, but the molds subsequently used would 9o be bottomless, and would be applied in succession upon one another and moved downward within the holder after they were lled. lVhile the Iilling of one mold is proceeding at the top ot' the holder, the mold which has 95 reached the pocket e would be shifted transversely, as shown in Fig: 2, by actuating the hydraulic cylinder f, thus rupturiug the ingot in such lowest mold from that in the mold above it. The plunger f would then be re- 10o versed to bring su ch lowest mold-section again inline with the holder, and the subsequent descent of the mold above it would force out from the pocket the mold containing thc ruptured ingot.

To forln the boreof the ingot, I provide a core of suitable material in separate sections sustained within the mold by any convenient means, each core-section being set within the mold-section as the mold-sections are applied in succession to the holder, and the iiuid metal being poured around such core Within the mold. To sustain the cores in the desired relation to the mold, which, in casting ingots for making cylindrical tubes, would bein the center thereof, I provide 011e or both ends of each core-,section Witharecess and with a stud fitted to such recess, vand at the upper end of the mold, Where the iiuid metal is applied, I provide a movable stud, which may be held over the center of the mold during the pouring operation, with the stud inserted in the recess at the top of the core-section, as shown in Fig. 2, to center the same. Vhere a reciprocating head is arranged to embrace the top of the holder, such movable stud Would be formed upon a pivoted brace fixed to such head. Such brace 19 is shown inV Figs. 2 and 3 pivoted upon ears p attached to the head h, an-d has its free end extended over the centerof the holder and provided with a stud c. A recess e is formed in at least one end of each core-section t, .and the sections are centered upon one another by forming a d owel u directly upon the opposite end of each section, as in Figs. 2 and 4, or by providing both ends of each core-section with a recess and forming a dowel u separate and inserting it in the two recesses at the junction of the sections, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7.

Where the in gots are separated by a transverse shearing operation, as indicated in Fig. 2, the construction shown in Fig. 4 is only applicable where the core is formed of sand or vother friable material, as the dowel or core must be adapted to shear off at the junction of the mold-sections.

Figs. 5 and '7 show suitable constructions for a metallic core adapted to chill the interior yof the ingot, or to form them With a smoother or more accurate inner surface than can be produced by means of a sand core. metallic cores could not be sheared oit by the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, `and the core-sec tions must therefore be centered by a friable dowel formed of sand or other friable material, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 7.

The metallic core may be extracted from the ingot when cold by rolling th-e ingot between parabolic rolls set at an angle with one another, and thus extending the tube diametrically upon the core; or the core may be divided into longitudinal parts t2 diagonally, as sho-Wn in Figs. 7 and 8, by which the separate parts .are of Wedge shape, and thus adapted to withdraw from the ingot separately. The separate parts are shown united by a dove- Such tail t', which is not extended to the ends of the core, by which construction the larger end of cach part is adapted to receive a large recess c to fit a friable dowel of suitable size and strength to perform its functions.

To aid in rupturing the ingots from one another when cast in a continuous bar, the core may be formed with an annular projection or bead e2 at one or both ends, as shown in Fig. 4, which forms an annular groove around the interior of the ingot opposite the joint of the mold-sections, and thus facilitates the rupture of the tubular ingot-bar at such point.

In Fig. 4 the ends of the molds are shown formed with an inward projection n around the bore at each end, adapted to-indent the rexterior of the tubular in got for the same purpose as the indentation caused by the bead e2. One or both of such mea-ns may be used to weaken the tubular ingot-bar at the junction of the sections.

A layer of asbestus packing may be placed in thejoint of the wedge-shaped parts 2,Which form the removable metallic core, to facilitate the removal of the core when the casting is cooled. The yielding character of the asbestus enables the casting to shrink Without binding tightly upon the core, and thus enables the parts t2 to be readily removed.

Having thus set forth my invention, it will be seen that it vis not only adapted to form a continuons tubular in got-bar having an aperture extended throughout the same, but that the form or dimensions of the aperture and its precise relation to the exterior of the ingot are wholly immaterial.

The invention affords means not only of forming an aperture in the ingot by a core of any suitable material, and for sustaining such cores Within the mold in any desired relation thereto, but it furnishes means of mak- .ing compound ingots by applying cores vof heated met-al adapted to unite-with the fluid metal poured around the same. Such compound ingots have been heretofore lnade in preparing steel for the manufacture of skates and other articles; and it is obvious that by my invention metallic cores of harder or softer metal than the envelope may be readily united with the liuid metal by operating in the manner already Well known in the art.

It is immaterial how the brace p be held adjacent to the top of the holder; but it is .evident that such brace is preferably made movable to facilitate the application of the core-section Within each moldsection. It will be noticed that the lower end of each core-section is centered or set in a suitable position Within the mold by a stud or doWel connecting it with the preceding core-secA tion, it being assumed that each core-section after the iirst isheld in a suitable position (to guide the subsequent coresection) by the chilling of the fluid metal between the core and the mold. As the object of the brace at the upper end of the holder is merelyT to cen- IOO IIO

ter or steady the upper end of the core-section until the fluid-metal is poured around it, it is obviously immaterial Whether the brace be constructed with a stud to fit a rccess in the end of the core-section, or a recess to iit a stud upon the core-section, or with any other suitable construction for bracing the upper end of the core.

Having thus set forth my invention, what I cla-im herein is- 1. The combination, with a series of bottomless moldsections and a holder adapted to sustain the same in line with one another during the casting operation, of a series of core-sections sustained Within the mold-sections, and provided at their ends with studs for centering the core-sections upon one another, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination, With a series of boitomless mold-sections and a holder adapted to sustain the same in line with one another during the casting operation, of a series of core-sections of the same length as the moldsections, recesses in the ends of the core-sections, and friable doWels inserted in such recesses to center the coresections, as and for the purpose set? forth.

The combination, with a series of bottomless mold-sections and a holder adapted to sustain the same in line with one another during the casting opera-tion, of a series of core-sections having each a recess at its upper end, a dowel fitted to such recess between the adjacent coresections, and a movable brace provided with a stud to engage the recess in the upper end of each core-section in turn, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with a series of bottoinless mold-sections and a holder adapted to sustain the same in line with one another during the casting operation, of a Series of core-sections having each a recess at its upper end, a dowel fitted to such recess between the adjacent coiesections, and abrace pivoted adjacent to the top of the holder and provided with a stud to engage the recess in the upper endof each core-section in turn, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with a series of separate bottomless mold sections superposed upon one another, as set forth,of a series of core-sections of the same length as the moldsections centered within the same and provided with a projection to weaken the interior of the tubular ingot at the joint of the moldsections, substantially as herein set forth.

6. The combination, with a series of sepa` rate bottomless mold-sections having an in- Ward projection around the bore of the mold at the end to indent the tubular iugot, of a series of core-sectionsof the same length as the mold-sections centered Within the same and provided with a projection to weaken the interior of the tubular ingot at the joint of the mold-sections, substantially as herein set forth.

7. The combination, with a series of separate bottomless moldsections super-posed upon one another, as set forth, of a series of metallic coresections divided longitudinally at an inclination to their axes, as and for the purpose set forth.

S. The combination, with a series of separate bot-tomless moldsections superposed upon one another, as set forth, of a series of metallic core-sections having an inclined longitudinal dovetailed joint and the portions upon the opposite sides of such joint being provided cach upon its larger end with a recess to receive a dowel, as and for thcpurpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES l5, DARCY BOULTON.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK C. FlsoHER, HENRY J. MILLER. 

